{"id":13,"date":"2025-04-04T05:54:19","date_gmt":"2025-04-04T05:54:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sushrutsamhita.com\/index.php\/home-2\/"},"modified":"2025-05-05T13:40:08","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T13:40:08","slug":"home-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sushrutsamhita.com\/","title":{"rendered":"Sushrut Samhita: Ayurvedic Wisdom & Healing Guide"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Sushruta Samhita \u2013
\u2028The Ancient Surgical Treatise<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Introduction:<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Susruta Samhita is the earliest known authoritive treatise on Ayurveda.It was written by susruta\u00a0 son of viswamitra,who was a pupil of the sage Divodasa Dhanwantari, the king of kashi\u00a0 and god of medicine. It\u00a0 is the compilation of the latter\u2019s teachings on Ayurveda\u00a0 giving a special emphasis on Shalya Tantra(surgery). It has been written 3000 yrs back.The book available to us is the redacted version by Nagarjuna, which contains a supplement added by him called Uttara Tantra. It is the most ancient document on this branch of medical science not merely of India but also of the whole world.<\/p>


It is being studied since long by all Ayurvedists. Scholers of medicine of western countries also have undertaken its study in the last two countries and have admired the achievements of surgeons of ancient India. It has maintained its popularity as an indisputable testimony of ancient Indian scientific achievements.
The book has earned Susruta the title \u2018Father of Surgery\u2019. He classified all surgical operations into eight kinds and also enumerated 101 types of blunt instruments and 21 sharp instruments used in surgery, in ayurveda\u00a0 the Indian system of medicine and health.
Dr. Hoernle, editor of the Bower Manuscript states that the book must have been revised between 400 and 500 AD. As such, it was written after the Charaka samhita.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Structure of Sushruta Samhita<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Six Broad Divisions of Text:<\/strong><\/p>

  1. Sutra Sthana – Credited to the basic tenets on surgery and medicine.\u2028<\/li>
  2. Nidana Sthana – Disease diagnosis.<\/li>
  3. Sarira Sthana – Anatomy or embryology of man.<\/li>
  4. Chikitsa Sthana – Therapeutics or treatments.\u2028<\/li>
  5. Kalpa Sthana – Toxicology and antidotes.<\/li>
  6. Uttara Sthana: Special therapies and other topics of addition.<\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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    Contributions of Sushruta<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    1. Human Dissection & Anatomy:<\/strong><\/p>

    Susruta was the first medical man in the ancient world advocated and brought into practice the dissection of the human cadaver by students of surgery. \u201c This certainly was the oldest lesson in dissection known to history\u201d. Although the procedure adopted by him was crude, the very idea that in 1000 BC. Practical anatomical study was considered important. It is by itself a most noteworthy contribution of Susruta. His description of different parts of the body such as the skin, muscles, bones, blood vessels, tissues, special spots of surgical importance etc. reflect the sound knowledge of the surgeons of those days.<\/p>

    2. Surgical Techniques & Procedures:<\/strong><\/p>

    Susruta describes eight kinds of surgical techniques which have withstood the test of time. All operative manoeuvres carried out by the present day surgeon involves one or more of these techniques only and not anything beyond these.Susruta is the first person to evolve and introduce Experimental surgery, for training students. This came to vogue in western countries only after 17th cent AD.<\/p>

    Susruta\u2019s&nbsp; division of surgical activity into three parts viz-preparative, operative and post-operative-is based on sound scientific principles. His description of surgical wound , procedure of treating it, care and management of the wounded are exemplary. Para-surgical methods such as cauterisation, blood letting etc. were being carried out to minimize the risk of surgery.<\/p>

    Susruta was the pioneer in fabricating surgical instruments. His methods of naming the instruments on resemblance of face of many animals and birds is being adopted even now. He is the first to introduce tubular instruments for diagnosis of diseases, which are considered as forerunners of \u201cendoscopic instruments\u201d, of the present day. He has described the merits and demerits of all instruments, their proper maintenance and correct method of use etc. which reflect his expertise.<\/p>

    3. Foreign body removal and battle field surgery :<\/strong><\/p>

    Susruta\u2019s knowledge of accidental wounds caused by weapons and other foreign bodies, methods of removing these and treating the wounded in the battlefield were the most appropriate. Though some of the surgical feats done in the battle field appear to be crude in the eyes of the present day surgeons, these were the ideal methods in the battle field of those days.<\/p>

    4. Reconstructive Surgery:<\/strong><\/p>

    • Most significant contribution of Susruta is in the field of reconstructive surgery (plastic surgery) . His method of reconstructing multilated nose ( rhinoplasty) ear (otoplasty) and lip (oroplasty) are the most ingenious methods.<\/li>
    • Among these Susruta\u2019s methods of rhinoplasty was highly appreciated and adopted by surgeons of western countries under the name \u201c Indian method\u201dduring the 18th cent AD. It was hailed as the greatest scientific achievement of ancient India.<\/li><\/ul>

      5. Special surgery:<\/strong><\/p>

      Susruta has described surgical treatment for piles and fistula. Urinary calculus (anorectal surgery). Obstructed and dead foetus (obstetrical surgery including caesarean section), intestinal obstruction and injury to abdominal viscera (laparotomy). fractures, and diseases of the eyes (ophthalmic surgery) and many more.<\/p>

      6. Evolution & Classification of Diseases<\/strong><\/p>

      Susruta knowledge extended even to other aspects of medical science. He has described the dosas, dhatus, ojas, mala etc. both in their normal and abnormal aspects, causes of diseases and their evolution in six stages, a comprehensive classification of all diseases affecting man, methods to prevent diseases\u00a0 and preserve health etc. With such wonderful achievements in the domain of surgery, Susruta is now- a-days called the \u201c Father of Surgery\u201d. But strictly speaking this honour should go to this preceptor, Divodasa, since Susruta is only a mouthpiece of his master.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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      Commentaries<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      Considering the importance of Susruta samhita and its popularity many scholars have written commentaries on it in Sanskrit and other languages.
      Unfortunately many commentators are lost and few are available in mutilated and incomplete condition. So far about 19 commentators are known, having been mentioned by Dalhana and so earlier 12th cent AD. The only ancient commentary available now in full and in print is that of Dalhana.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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      Dalhana<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      Dalhana was son of Bharatapala, belonging to Suryavamsi brahmana family, residing at Ankola in Bhadanaka region near Mathura. He was the physician in the court of the king Sahanapala of Yadava dynasty who was reigning in the latter half of 12th cent AD.
      Dalhana (about 1200 AD) was a great scholar widely read is evident from the large number of authors and texts quoted by him.
      Two other commentaries available now in incomplete form are: Nyava candrika or brhat phanjika of Gayadasa (10th cent AD) for Nidana sthana only.
      Bhanumati of chkrapanidatta (11th cent AD) for Sutrasthana only.

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      Translations into Other Languages<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      Susruta samhita has attracted the attention of scholars of other countries also from early days and has been translated into many other languages. Some such important ones are \u2013<\/p>

      • Arabic (8th century AD): Translated by Ibn Abila Sibal as Kitab Sashool-e-Hind. This has been reffered to by Al- Rhazi(Rhazes) the famous physician\u201d.as an authority of surgery.<\/li>
      • Latin (1844): translated by F. Hesslar.<\/li>
      • German (1846): translated by J.A. Vullars.<\/li>
      • English (1883\u20132000): translated by U.C. Dutta, A. Chattopadhyaya, F.R. Hoernle, Kunjalal Bhishagratna, G.D. Singhal, and P.V. Sharma.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Sushruta Samhita \u2013 \u2028The Ancient Surgical Treatise Introduction: Susruta Samhita is the earliest known authoritive treatise on Ayurveda.It was written by susruta\u00a0 son of viswamitra,who was a pupil of the sage Divodasa Dhanwantari, the king of kashi\u00a0 and god of medicine. It\u00a0 is the compilation of the latter\u2019s teachings on Ayurveda\u00a0 giving a special emphasis […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nSushrut Samhita: Ayurvedic Wisdom & Healing Guide<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Explore Sushrut Samhita for authentic Ayurvedic science, traditional healing methods, and ancient wellness practices for a healthy, balanced life.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sushrutsamhita.com\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sushrut Samhita: Ayurvedic Wisdom & Healing Guide\" 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